If you use “etc.” in the middle of a sentence, and it is not enclosed in parentheses, then you must use a comma after the abbreviation. If it is in parentheses in the middle of a sentence or at the end of a sentence, no comma is needed.
Can we use etc in formal writing?
It is perfectly ok to use etc. in an academic paper. Just note, however, that both of them are very sparingly and carefully used in serious writing. Try to list fully or describe the list instead. I would recommend not using etc. in an academic paper.
What does so on and so forth mean?
phrase. used instead of mentioning more of a similar type of thing that has already been mentioned. They have a right to their own culture, their own religion, their own language, and so on. Employees were always complaining about their wages, their working conditions, and so forth.
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