Almost all organisms are made up of cells or aggregates of cell. cells are varying in their shape, size and functions. Based on the presence or absence of a membrane bound nucleus and other organelles, the organisms can be called as eukaryotic or prokaryotic organisms. A typical eukaryotic cell consists of a cell membrane cytoplasm and nucleus.
Plant cells have a cell wall outside the cell membrane. The plasma membrane is selectively permeable and facilitates transport of several molecules. The endomembrane system includes ER, golgi complex, vacuoles and lysosomes. All the cell organelles are performing different but specific functions. centrosome and centriole form the basal body of cilia and flagella that useful in locomotion. in animal cells, centrioles form spindle apparatus during cell division. Nucleus is containing nucleoli and chromatin network. It is not only controls the activities of organelles but also plays a major role in heredity. Endoplasmic reticulum is containing tubules or cisternae. Endoplasmic reticulum is of two types: rough and smooth. Endoplasmic Reticulum helps in the transport of substances, synthesis of proteins, lipoproteins and glycogen. The golgi body is a membranous organelle composed of flattened sacs. The cell secretions are packed in the sac and transported from the cell.
Lysosomes are single membrane structures containing enzymes for digestion of all kinds of macromolecules.
Ribosomes are involved in protein synthesis. These occur freely in the cytoplasm or are associated with endoplasmic reticulum. Mitochondria help in oxidative phosphorylation and generation of adenosine triphosphate and these are bound by double membrane the outer membrane is smooth and inner one folds into several cristae.
This video
Related video
NEET MCQ Practice App to Identify Your Weak Topics:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
0 Comments